Which type of employees are typically excluded from joining a union?

Supervisors and above in the management hierarchy are typically excluded from joining a union due to the nature of their roles and responsibilities. Unions are primarily formed to represent the interests and collective bargaining needs of non-management employees. Supervisors often have decision-making authority that can conflict with the interests of the union, as they may be tasked with enforcing company policies, managing employees, and making hiring or disciplinary decisions. This creates a potential conflict of interest, as they would have a dual role as both management and union member, which could undermine the union's effectiveness in representing the workforce. Consequently, labor laws and union regulations usually stipulate that management-level positions are excluded from union membership to maintain clear boundaries between management and workers.